Furnace-cover



4 Sheets-Sheet'. 1.

Patented May 14, 1889.

W. SLBIGHER; Jr. FURNAGB COVER.

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W; SLBIGHER', JL PURNAGB COVER v No. 403,152.

Patented May 14, 1889.,-l

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W. SLEICHER, Jr. FURNAGB COVER.

No. 403,152. Patented May-14, 1889.`

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4 Sheets-Sheet A4.

(No Model.)

PURNACE COVER..

No. 403,152. Patented May 1 4. 1889;

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PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM SLEICHER, JR., OF TROY, NEV YORK.

FU RNACE-COVER.

- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,152, dated May14, 1889.

Application led November 6, 1888. Serial No. 290,087. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM SLEIcHER, J r., a resident of Troy, in thecounty of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Furnace- Covers; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention.that will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the several figures therein.

My invention relates to improvements in furnace-covers of the archclass; and it consists of the novel construction and combination ofparts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

Figure l of the drawings is a bottom plan view of an arched iron beamadapted to support a row of bricks. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of thebeam supporting a row of bricks. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the partsshown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 represents by the solid lines a cross-section ofthe beam, taken on the broken line a: oc in Fig. l, the dotted linesrepresenting a brick and its auxiliary supporting-link. Figs. 5, 6, 7,and 12 represent in side elevation, detached fire-bricks, showingmodified forms of channels for 'auxiliary supporting-links and key.Figs. S, 9, and 10 represent, in side elevation, modified forms ofauxiliary brick-supporting links and key, the relative positions of thebricks and beam being indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9. Fig. l1 is across-section of the iron beam similar to that shown in Fig. 4, taken atthe broken line oo in Fig. 3. Fig. 13 is a top plan view of the brickshown in Fig. 12.

Bridge-covers for furnaces are composed of a series of iron girder-beamslaid side by side,

each beam being arched and supporting an arched row of fire-bricks.

As heretofore constructed the beams have been made up of two archedmetallic beamplates set on edge and secured to each other by braces andcross-pieces, with an air-space between, the upper'edges of the bricksresting against the lower arched. edges of the plates and held in placeby end clamps only, pivoted to the ends of the plates and connected byan adjusting-rod extending the length of the beam. The effect of theintense heat to which furnace-covers are subjected was sufficient towarp and twist such beam-plates and to expand the adjusting-rodconnecting the end clamps to such an extent as to soon destroy thesustaining-power of the arched beam and perm it the bricks to fall intothe furnace, destroying or greatly impairing the roof.-

I form my supporting-beam of a single longitudinally andcross-sectionally or laterally arched beam of iron, thereby minimizingthe effect of heat to weaken the supporting-power of the beam by reasonof warping and twisting the same. It is well known that the heat is lessint-ense at the ends of the beams, which are supported by side walls ofthe furnace, and I provide a cross-bar or lug near each end of the beam,to which one end of the adj usting-rods, passing through the end clamps,is secured, thereby lessenin g the length of rod and effect of the heatin expanding the same to loosen the. brick arch. It is well known that arow of bricks thus supported at its ends only in the form of an archwill when repeatedly subjected to intense heat be twisted and warpedfrom its original position, and that frequently the change is sufficientto break the arch and cause the bricks to fall from their support. Iprovide an auxiliary support for the brick arch by securing individualbricks in the arch, located intermediately of its ends, to itssupporting-beam, which prevents the brick arch from twisting or droppingaway from its supporting-beam.

I have shown and described several kinds of auxiliary supportingmechanism for susnally-arched surfaces of which afford a bear- IOO obeam was cast.

6o the respective bricks.

Io vided with a clamp, A5, pivoted to the upper edge of the beam, as atA". The clamps are each connected with a cross-bar, A7, by a threadedbolt, AS, passing through the bar and clamp, and provided with a head onone side and an adjusting-nut, A9, on the other end.

Vhile the beam is bottom side up, as shown 1n Fig. l, thebricks can belaid thereon in the position shown by Figs. 2 and 8, and

2o the clamps drawn tightly against the end bricks by means of the boltsand nuts, after which the position of the beam can be reversed, as shownin Fig. i?, and the bricks, being slightly beveled, will be .retained inthe 2 5 arched form by the clamps.

I have shown several forms ol auxiliary supportingdinks having headsadapted to enter and iit apertures formed by grooves or channels cast inthe contiguous sides of the 3o bricks, and so located thereon as toregister in pairs when the bricks are formed into an arch, each pairforming a link-receiving aperture.

The link B4, Fig. l0, is provided on one end 3 5 with a hook or head,Bil, adapted to iit the channel B8 in the brick B, Fig. 5, and beinserted one half in such channel and the other half in thesupplementary channel in the contiguous brick, which channel isprecisely the 4o same as that shown in Iiig. 5, and is not separatelyshown. The other end of the link is provided with an eye, B, adapted toreceive the wire of a staple, B,

There may be any desired number of sta- A 5 Vples resting within thecrossarch of the beam and secured thereto in any known manner. I haveshown by dotted lines in Fig. +L one of the prongs of a staple embeddedin the iron beam, where it could be inserted when the lVhen the yokes ofthe staples are made of considerable length, as shown, two or more linksmay be secured to the saine staple and slid along to properly adjusttheir position to the position of the bricks, so that they may projectup through a vertical aperture between two bricks formed by grooves BT,Fig. 5, so arranged as to register with each other. The grooves 3T leadfrom the grooves BS to the upper surfaces of The rela-tive positions ofbrick, link and staple, and beam are fully shown, partly by dottedlines, in Fig. 4.

The link may be in the form o f a chain-lin k, the upper end beingsecured to a staple in the beam, as last above described.

I have shown such a link at Blll in Fig. ll. The upper end is adapted toreceive the wire of the staple B, as shown, and the lower end iits thecurved channel Bl in the brick, Fig. l.

The bricks may each have an aperture adapted to receive arod, C, whichmay extend the whole length of the arch, as indicated by dotted lines Cin Fig. 2. lV ith the aid of such a rod passing through the brickslongitudinally ot' the arch, one or two links connecting the centralparts of the rod and beam would positively secure all the bricks to thebeam.

lVhether the bricks were perforated to receive the rod C or not, itwouldbe necessary that those contiguous to the link 31" should be providedwith the channel B15 to allow the bricks to fully engage with each otherin forming the arch. I have indicated by dotted line C2 in Fig. l2 theposition of the aperture adapted to receive the rod.

The links can be secured to the lateral i'langes ot' the beam whendesired, thus dispensing with staples B. Ihave shownalink, B, so adaptedin Fig. il. This link is provided with a central joint, B10, and theends are bent upward and provided withthe hooks B12, adapted to behooked onto the lateral. iianges of the beam, as fully shown, partly bydotted lines, in Fig. 9. The channels B13, Fig. 7, in the bricks aremade of a form adapted to receive the links after they have been hookedonto the beam. l/Vhen desired, the links can be riveted at the end uponthe lateral iianges of the beam, one upon each side, and theiilaterally-projecting heads adapted to engage with the ends of the brick,beveled on its upper edges, so as to clamp the brick between them andsuspend it directly 'from the beam. I have shown such a form of link atB1, Fig. 1l, the upper end being secured to the lateral flange ot thebeam, one on each side, by the rivets C3, and the lower end having thehead or hook, B17, adapted to enter the cross-chan nel Bw in the brick.The cross-channels extend across the ends of the bricks, and have one ofthe channel walls nearly vertical, but slightly inclined inward, therebygiving the upper portion of the brick a dovctail appearance and effect,as shown in Figs. ll and l2. The links are first riveted. to the beam,as shown in Fig. ll, and the bricks slid into the position shown in Fig.ll, being moved longitudinally of the beam.

It is apparent that all the bricks may be thus secured directly to thebeam by either o'l the kinds of links which I have described; but it isnot necessary that all the link-heads should be connected with the beam.

Instead of the link-heads similar cylindrical or conical rods may beused and inserted in apertures formed by channels in the bricks,arranged to register with each other, as previously described. I haveshown a conical or tapered rod, B2, in Fig. 8, and in Fig. 6 a channel,B', formed in one side of the brick. The opposite side of the brick hasa similar channel. When two bricks having such channels engage with eachother in the IIO arch, they form an aperture, B', Fig. 2, adapted toreceive the rod or key B2, as seen in Fig. 2. It is manifest that whenkeys are thus inserted between the bricks one brick cannot slide pastanother brick to fall from the arch unless the arch spreads more thanhalf the diameter of the rod or key, and if a pair of bricks at thecentral part of the arch or at intervals along the arch is linked to thebeam, as previously described, and the intermediate bricks keyed in bythe rods B2, as just described, it will be impossible for the arch tobreak or for any of the bricks to fall therefrom. A row of bricks can bethus suspended from a straight beam, dispensing entirely with the archfeature, though I prefer to slightly archv the beam.

Vhen desired, the brick-channels may be extended the whole length of thebricks, adapting them to receive either keys or links. I have shown bydotted lines in Fig. 5 the channel BS thus extended. It is apparent thatall the bricks may be thus secured to the beam by suitable linksinserted in channels in the contiguous sides of the bricks, or as manyof the bricks as desired or deemed necessary.

It should be observed that the auxiliary brick-supporting links which Ihave shown and described are almost wholly inclosed by the bricks an donly project therefrom at their upper sides, thus deriving perfectprotection from the direct action of the furnace-heat. Links thusinclosed by the bricks will last and support the bricks until the bricksthemselves are burned away to such an extent as to be Worthless as aprotection for the iron links. The flange A is provided with theapertures A10, adapted to receive a chainhook in lifting the cover fromthe furnacewalls.

By securing, asIhave shown and described, the individual members of thearch to the sustaining-beam the span of furnace-covers can be increased,thereby enlarging the capacity of the furnace, and the degree ofcurvature in an arch of a given span can be safely reduced, therebyforcing the current of flame and heated gases within the furnace downnearer the furnace contents which are being treated.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a furnace-cover, a longitudinally and laterally archedbrick-supporting beam made of a single bar of iron, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a furnace-cover, the combinatiomwith a brick-supporting beam, ofend clamps pivoted upon the beam, one at each end, a row of iire-bricksinclosed between the clamps, and adjustable connections for securing theoscillatory ends of the clamps upon the ends of the beam, as screw-boltsA8 and cross-bars A7, substantially as described.

3. In a furnace-cover, the combination,with a brick-supporting beamhaving end clamp,

yof a row of clamp-inclosed bricks and a brick-supporting linkconnecting an individual brick in the row with the beam, substantiallyas described. I

4. In a furnace-cover, the combination,with a brick-supporting beamhaving an end clamp, of a row of clamp-inclosed bricks havinglink-channels between contiguous bricks, and

ksupporting-links adapted to ft such channels secured to the iron beam,substantially as described.

5. In a furnace-cover, the combination,with a brick-supporting beam, ofa row of bricks having key-channels, a brick-supporting link connectinga brick central of the row with Y the beam, and brick-supporting keys,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof' I have hereunto set my hand this 2d day ofNovember, 1888.

WILLIAM SLEICI-IER, JR. Witnesses:

GEO. A. MosHER, W. I-I. HoLLIsTER.

